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Anti-Corruption in Myanmar

Anti-Corruption In Myanmar

Legal News & Analysis - Asia Pacific - Myanmar - Regulatory & Compliance

9 September, 2016

1. Domestic bribery (private to public)

1.1       Legal framework

Bribery of public officials is primarily regulated by the Myanmar Penal Code, Chapters IX and XIA, and the Anti-Corruption Law 2013 (the “Anti-Corruption Law”). Other corruption-related offenses and penalty clauses are contained in numerous laws, such as in taxation, banking and financial laws; the Myanmar Official Secrets Act 1923; the Defence Services Act 1959; the Fire Services Law 1997; and the Civil Service Law 2013.

1.2       Definition of bribery

Several offenses related to bribery are created by the Penal Code. The general offense is:

Whoever, being or expecting to be a public servant, accepts or obtains or agrees to accept, or attempts to obtain from any person, for himself or for any other person, any gratification whatever, other than legal remuneration, as a motive or reward for doing or forbearing to do any official act or for showing or forbearing to show, in the exercise of his official functions, favour or disfavour to any person, or for rendering or attempting to render any service or disservice to any person with the Union Parliament or the Government or with any public servant, as such, shall be punished.

All offenses under the Penal Code (except those relating to bribery in connection with elections) can only be committed by public servants. In theory, however, the person offering the gratification could be convicted of abetting the public servant in the crime.

Under the Anti-Corruption Law, “corruption” is defined as follows:
Corruption means doing directly or indirectly of an authoritative person by abusing his authoritative position, such as giving, accepting, receiving, attempting to receive, offering, pledging, or discussing in any way of a consideration from a person concerned for himself or any other or any organization in order to do anything, refrain from doing any lawful act, give a person his legitimate right, or prohibit a person wrongfully from his legitimate right.

1.3       Definition of public official

The Myanmar Penal Code has a broad definition of public servants, ranging from government servants, armed forces personnel, judges and court officials, to the police and inland revenue officials.

Under the Anti-Corruption Law, an “authoritative person” means a public servant who holds authoritative power either by his tenure or by jurisdictional or administrative authority, a public servant abroad, an existing holder of a political post, a high official, or an administrator or representative of any public organization.

1.4       Consequences of bribery

(a)        For the individuals involved

If an offense is committed under the Penal Code, an abettor could be punished with the same punishment as that for the public official. For the offense relating to public servants under the Penal Code used as an example above, this could be a fine, or imprisonment of up to three years, or both.
Under the Anti-Corruption Law, any “political post holder” convicted of corruption is liable to a fine and up to 15 years’ imprisonment; any other authorized person is liable to a fine and up to 10 years’ imprisonment; anyone else is liable to a fine and up to seven years’ imprisonment.

(b)        For the company/legal entity

No separate penalties for companies or legal entities are provided under either the Penal Code or the Anti-Corruption Law. However, under the Myanmar Interpretation of Expressions Law 1973, the word “person” includes any company, and therefore the same penalties theoretically apply to companies as to private individuals. The same position applies under the Penal Code.

1.5       Political contributions

Under the Political Party Registration Law (2010), there is no limit placed on contributions to political parties. However, contributions can only be made from domestic as opposed to foreign sources.

1.6       Limitation applicable to hospitality expenses (gifts, travel, meals, entertainment, among others)

In an effort to reduce corruption, the new Myanmar government issued on 4 April 2016, guidelines to government officials regarding gifts that can be accepted. These guidelines also provide an extremely important guide for foreign investors in an area where there has previously been very little guidance. In the guidelines, the basic principle is that a government officer, member of any commission or committee formed by the government, or member of the public service may not accept any gift given by virtue of their official position. There are, however, important exceptions which will be of interest: (i) gifts not exceeding the value of MMK25,000 (approximately USD25) may be accepted; (ii) gifts given due to a family or personal relationship (what “personal relationship” means is not specified) are allowed; and (iii) gifts not exceeding the value of MMK100,000 (approximately USD100) may be given on religious occasions such as Christmas and Thadingyut (end of Buddhist lent festival).

The position is slightly different where the gift is from a foreign government. In this case: (i) gifts not exceeding the value of MMK400,000 (approximately USD400) may be accepted; (ii) travel allowances for official trips may be accepted; (iii) scholarships and medical expenses may be accepted; and (iv) other gifts in certain circumstances may also be accepted.

These guidelines provide a welcome degree of clarity in an area where it has previously been extremely difficult to gauge what is acceptable gift-giving to government officials and what is not. Although the guidelines do not have any clear legal status, they are bound to be extremely influential. We can only wait if they will have any effect on the application of the Anti-Corruption Law.

The entertainment of public officials is not allowed, unless this is in the context of a seminar, workshop or other similar event. It also has to be remembered that context is particularly important where public officials are concerned – a gift by a CEO to a minister would be expected to be of higher value than that given to lower-ranking officials.

2. Domestic bribery (private to private)

2.1       Legal framework

Domestic bribery is regulated under the Anti-Corruption Law.

2.2       Definition of private bribery

There is no separate definition of private bribery. At face value, the Anti-Corruption Law appears intended to apply primarily to public officials. However, on a broad interpretation, it could encompass what might be termed as private corruption. The definition of corruption would therefore be the same as set out in section 1.2.

Authoritative persons who would fall under this category are defined in the Anti-Corruption Law as a director
general or managing director of a state and private joint venture company, board, corporation or other organization.

However, on wider interpretation, authoritative persons could include other high-level officials or managers.
There have not been any cases that would aid in the interpretation of this provision. However, we would advise that a cautious approach be taken under the circumstances. It should be noted that the intention of the legislature at the time of passing the Anti-Corruption Law was to implement the obligations of Myanmar under the UN Convention Against Corruption, which clearly deals with bribery in the private sector. In addition, the Myanmar legislature have amended the Anti-Corruption Law to include a wider definition of “corruption,” which implies that private-private corruption is included.

2.3       Consequences of private bribery

(a)      For the individuals involved

Any authorized person is liable to a fine and up to 10 years’ imprisonment; anyone else is liable to a fine and up to seven years’ imprisonment.

(b)      For the company/legal entity

No separate penalties for companies or legal entities are provided under the Anti-Corruption Law. However, under the Myanmar Interpretation of Expressions Law 1973, the word “person” includes any company, and therefore the same penalties theoretically apply to companies as to private individuals. The same position applies under the Penal Code.

2.4       Limitation applicable to hospitality expenses (gifts, travel, meals, entertainment, among others)

There are no specific limitations applied to hospitality expenses and therefore to a large extent, what is socially acceptable in the commercial context has to be relied on as a guide.

The usual value of gift and entertainment expenses would be up to USD75 for gifts, and the same amount per head for entertainment. Obviously, what is acceptable can depend on the context and the status of the individuals involved. As we have indicated, the government have just released guidelines on gifts that may and may not be accepted by government officials, which are of considerably lower value than was previously thought. It is not known how this guidance might influence the treatment of norms of private-to-private gift-giving. Because of the newness of the Anti-Corruption Law and the lack of precedents in this area, we advise prudence.

3. Corruption of foreign public officials

3.1       Legal framework

The Anti-Corruption Law

3.2       Definition of corruption of foreign public officials

There is no separate definition of corruption of foreign public officials. The offense is corruption of authorized persons, and a foreign public official is an authorized person. The offense of corruption is defined in section 1.2.

3.3       Definition of foreign public official

Under the Anti-Corruption Law, a “foreign public service man” is defined as “a person who is appointed or selected by any foreign country legislation, administration or judiciary officer, a person who works in a board, commission, corporation or other organization formed to carry out the duties of a foreign country and an authorized person who works on behalf of an international organization.”

3.4       Consequences of corruption of foreign public officials

(a)        For the individuals involved

A foreign public service man is liable to a fine and up to 10 years’ imprisonment; anyone else is liable to a fine and up to seven years’ imprisonment.

(b)        For the company/legal entity

No separate penalties for companies or legal entities are provided under the Anti-Corruption Law. However, under the Myanmar Interpretation of Expressions Law 1973, the word “person” includes any company, and therefore the same penalties theoretically apply to companies as to private individuals. The same position applies under the Penal Code.

3.5       Limitation applicable to hospitality expenses (gifts, travel, meals, entertainment, among others)

As we have advised in Section 1.6 above, new government guidelines severely limit the value of gifts that may be given to Myanmar government officials. The new guidelines are, however, silent in relation to foreign government officials. However, as corruption of foreign government officials is covered by the Anti-Corruption Law, we would suggest that, given the lack of clarity in this area, the prudent course is to follow the same guidelines in relation to foreign public officials and limit gift-giving accordingly. Entertainment should also be limited in the same manner, and only to that connected with seminars and workshops.

4. Facilitation payments

Neither the Penal Code nor the Anti-Corruption Law recognizes facilitation payments. Facilitation payments could be interpreted as a “gratification” under the Penal Code, or more likely, as corruption within the wide definition of corruption under the Anti-Corruption Law.

5. Compliance programs

5.1       Value of a compliance program to mitigate/eliminate the criminal liability for legal entities

Under Myanmar law, because of the lack of clarity on liability of corporate bodies, it is advisable to have a compliance program in the event that the company was found liable under the Penal Code or Anti-Corruption Law.

However, many foreign companies operating in Myanmar have compliance programs for a number of other reasons, primarily for governance, or because they are potentially liable under anti-corruption legislation within their respective jurisdictions (e.g., FCPA, UK Bribery Act), where the existence of a compliance program may at least mitigate the offense.

5.2       Absence of a compliance program as a crime

The absence of a compliance program is not recognized as a crime in Myanmar.

5.3       Elements of compliance program

(1)        Clear policies and procedures should be established to ensure compliance.

(2)        Employees should undergo training explaining:

(i) relevant legislation;

(ii) company policies and procedures developed in (1) above; and

(iii) situations in which difficulties could occur.

(3)        The effectiveness of the program should be monitored and adjustments be made where necessary.

(4)        Employee training should be repeated at least annually.

(5)        There should be whistleblowing procedures and protection.

(6)        Individuals and companies that you intend to conduct business with should be checked against the

Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list.

(7)        Consideration should be given to having compliance provisions in all material contracts affecting the business, such as compliance with the Anti-Corruption Law, the FCPA and the UK Bribery Act.

6. Regulator with jurisdiction to prosecute corruption

The police investigate any alleged offense under the Penal Code, which would then be prosecuted by the Prosecution Department of the Attorney General’s Office.

Offenses under the Anti-Corruption Law are investigated by a team under a special “Bribery Eradication Commission” established by the Anti-Corruption Law.

Qualifications

Our advice above is qualified by the following:

(1)        Myanmar has had a number of different governments/administrations that have had a different approach to the promulgation and maintenance of its basic laws. This, together with the mixed use of English and the Myanmar language in the writing of these laws, as well as their style and coverage, has meant that they are not always complete or consistent. Thus, there are many areas that are not adequately dealt with and have not been the subject of judicial determination. Furthermore, there are a number of new laws and regulations being introduced for which there is no prior point of reference. This provides significant limitation on the ability to give definitive advice.

(2)        Our advice is based upon the laws, decrees, rules, regulations and official notifications of Myanmar that are available to the public as of the date of publication. There may be new or amended laws, decrees, rules, regulations or official notifications, or unofficial or internal guidelines, which exist but which are not published or which are not generally available to the public, and the existence of the same may affect the advice herein.

(3)        Only a limited number of court judgments are published or made available to the public, and the judicial interpretation of the laws of Myanmar is uncertain. Thus, there may be unpublished opinions or decisions of the courts of Myanmar that may affect the advice expressed herein.

(4)        Our advice is only based upon the laws of Myanmar and we have not considered the laws of any other jurisdiction in rendering our advice.

(5)        While we may refer to policies, practices and customs policies in our advice, these are only in relation to prevailing policies, customs and practices of which we are aware. It is possible that there are other policies, practices and customs or changes than those known to us, and which may affect the advice expressed herein.

(6)        Administrative interpretation or implementation of the laws of Myanmar is not always consistent or certain and may vary from case to case or with respect to the same facts.



Particulars to be noted in Filing complaint

Published In: Notice Created Date: 2015-08-21 Hits: 117
The following particulars shall be included without fail complain letter in order to be effective in complaining to the commission by the aggrieved person.
- The complained case if the corruption case arisen in the period after 17th Sept, 2013.
- Complaint shall not be made about corruption under outside knowledge by hearing from outside and public news from the vicinity and shall describe important evidence to be able to support in time of making necessary investigations.
- In the event of the mater to be investigated, the following particulars of the aggrieved complained shall be stated to be able to communicate and investigates if necessary whether or not the aggrieved person is real and for prior protection of complaint from misusing of the name of others.
- Name
- Signature
- Citizenship Scrutiny Card Copy
- Fully Address to contact
- In the event of sending the copy of complain letter to the commission, the commission will not be able to take action and so direct complaint shall be addressed to the commission.
Complaint modes and processes to the commission
If the aggrieved person is willing to complain about the corruptions, complaint may be made in writing to the commission under the following modes.
- Direct complaint to the commission by the aggrieved person;
- Complaint to any of the work committee constituted under this law, operation board, preliminary scrutiny team and investigation team by the aggrieved person;
The Commission, if a complain letter has arrived, scrutinize whether or not the complaint can be investigated under section 21 and section 16(o) and whether or not to be in line with or the complaint that cannot be investigated under section 22.
Investigation of the commission to be able to take action under the law or the particulars to be able to make investigation has been provided in the Anti-Corruption Law Section 21 as follows.
“In respect to the following matters, the commission may investigate or make to investigate to be able to take action under the law.
Assignment duty of the investigation and submission form the state president;
Assignment duty for the investigation and submission from the relevant parliament chairman with regard to submission of the proposal under the law from the parliament representative to take action against current political rank holder pursuant to section 43, sub-section (b).
To take action against the committee of corruption, the aggrieved person-
- Complaint to the commission,
- Complaint to the work committee, Operation board, preliminary scrutiny board and any of the investigation body formed under this law;
- Transfer and sending the foregoing complaint to the commission in terms of the complaint to the relevant government department, any of the government organization;"
In the section 16(o), “Performance of other duties given by the state president, Union Parliament House Speaker, Upper House Speaker or lower House Speaker" has been provided and assignment of the duty has been given to investigate whether or not to infringe with the law of Anti- Corruption subject to the above-cited law section 16(o).
The particulars of the investigation have been enacted in the section 22 of Anti – Corruption as follows.
 “The commission shall not investigate the following matters-
(a)The matter of complaint has been the matter investigated by the commission.
(b) Lack of imperative evidences in the complaint
(c) Lack of new important evidence in further complaint."
Under section 22 (b), it is necessary to have important evidence is every letter of complaint. It has been enacted that the commission is not to investigate against the letter of complaint lacking any evidence and reference.
Under the section 21, section 16(o) and Section 22, in the event that the commission investigate whether or not to be consistent with this section upon the letter of complaint, the contents of letter of complaint has to be studied and screened in details. Subsequent to discussion review, decision has been given whether or not to consecutively investigate.
In respect of corruption, the complaint, in the event that, report easily against the letter of complaint without thoroughness and certainty, under section 46, shall be awarded for being able to face the suit again. In the section 46, and under section 44, in the event of willful complaint or report with the aim of losing dignity or grievance to anyone else unreasonably from the complaint or informer, they will be taken action under the law, it has been enacted. It is not a threat to the complaint not to done complain from section 46 and if has been enacted to be mutually fair under the nature of the law. In the long-exercising Penal Code for many years currently, also in the event of false information and complaint, it has been enacted that action may be taken.
Screening the letters of complaint sent to the commission, it has been found that majority of the letter of complaint has been reported the following matters.
- Complaint on the matter not concerned with corruption,
- Matter to be talked on the institution of suit in the court under the law;
- Frequent complaints under personal hatred,
- Matter of being performed firm the relevant Ministry and Region, State Governments;
- Despite naming corruption, lack of particulars referring to corruption in the contents of the letter of complaint;
- Overall written complaint without any evidentiary proof by writing and stating only on a sheet for corruption.
- Complain to the commission implying and uniting to claim for encumbrance instead of tackling financial scandals each other on the institution of suit in the Court;
- Subsequent to complaint, revocation of letter by the complainant himself on compounding and re-adjusting each other;
- By writing and twisting to be petitioned and with laden agenda of own fault;
- Anonyms letter of complaint without stating signature or name of complaint;
To be able to take effective action from the commission against corruption under the law, it is necessary to complain the matter reasonably referring to corruption from the public in time of complaining.
Also, some people have written letter of complaint by acquiring charge as broker and it is known on the study that they have cheated the un-acknowledgeable public who are aggrieved and it is necessary to have full awareness and avoid from the same sort of persons.
The case of some complain letters has been in the process of trial and appeal in the court and letter of complaint has been sent to the commission in advance prior to the proclamation of order from the court as prior prevention therefrom. Out of the foregoing letters of complaint, it has been transferred and sent to the Supreme court of the Union to be known such necessary matter in order to have carriage of justice from the superior court prior to miscarriage of justice. However, the commission avoid the interference matter of the judiciary with special are to affect jurisdiction of the relevant judges under the law.
The commission studies carefully the letter of complaint submitted and in the event of absolutely irrelevant letter with the commission and unable to transfer and send the matters to the relevant government ministers, states and regions, it has been filed with attachments. Despite being unrelated the letter of complaint to the corruption and bribery, in the event of sort of matter having to be performed by the relevant executive and department, it has to be transferred and sent to the relevant ministry, region or state to provide assistance is someway on the services with the aim of supporting for the  proper administration system of the government relevant ministry and to be able to tackle amicably on difficulty on grievances experience by the complainant, public. Due to attaching great importance on performance from the relevant ministries and government, it has been studied and found that satisfaction and amicability has been achieved in certain matters.
In the event of letter of complaint consistency with section 21, section 16(o) and of infringement with the provisions of section 22, of the matter actionable and investing story and corruption, decision has to be passed for investigation and it has been  ongoing.
A suit instituted in the court shall be in conformity with the provision of law as well as requirement of reasonableness upon evidences. In addition to hearing and knowledge from outside, through the information from the surrounding, it is unlikely to institute the suit success will be achieved effectively on the suit instituted and sound with evidentiary documents stipulated in the CPU following from the court and evidence Act.

Particulars to be noted in Filing complaint

Published In: Notice Created Date: 2015-08-21 Hits: 117
The following particulars shall be included without fail complain letter in order to be effective in complaining to the commission by the aggrieved person.
- The complained case if the corruption case arisen in the period after 17th Sept, 2013.
- Complaint shall not be made about corruption under outside knowledge by hearing from outside and public news from the vicinity and shall describe important evidence to be able to support in time of making necessary investigations.
- In the event of the mater to be investigated, the following particulars of the aggrieved complained shall be stated to be able to communicate and investigates if necessary whether or not the aggrieved person is real and for prior protection of complaint from misusing of the name of others.
- Name
- Signature
- Citizenship Scrutiny Card Copy
- Fully Address to contact
- In the event of sending the copy of complain letter to the commission, the commission will not be able to take action and so direct complaint shall be addressed to the commission.
Complaint modes and processes to the commission
If the aggrieved person is willing to complain about the corruptions, complaint may be made in writing to the commission under the following modes.
- Direct complaint to the commission by the aggrieved person;
- Complaint to any of the work committee constituted under this law, operation board, preliminary scrutiny team and investigation team by the aggrieved person;
The Commission, if a complain letter has arrived, scrutinize whether or not the complaint can be investigated under section 21 and section 16(o) and whether or not to be in line with or the complaint that cannot be investigated under section 22.
Investigation of the commission to be able to take action under the law or the particulars to be able to make investigation has been provided in the Anti-Corruption Law Section 21 as follows.
“In respect to the following matters, the commission may investigate or make to investigate to be able to take action under the law.
Assignment duty of the investigation and submission form the state president;
Assignment duty for the investigation and submission from the relevant parliament chairman with regard to submission of the proposal under the law from the parliament representative to take action against current political rank holder pursuant to section 43, sub-section (b).
To take action against the committee of corruption, the aggrieved person-
- Complaint to the commission,
- Complaint to the work committee, Operation board, preliminary scrutiny board and any of the investigation body formed under this law;
- Transfer and sending the foregoing complaint to the commission in terms of the complaint to the relevant government department, any of the government organization;"
In the section 16(o), “Performance of other duties given by the state president, Union Parliament House Speaker, Upper House Speaker or lower House Speaker" has been provided and assignment of the duty has been given to investigate whether or not to infringe with the law of Anti- Corruption subject to the above-cited law section 16(o).
The particulars of the investigation have been enacted in the section 22 of Anti – Corruption as follows.
 “The commission shall not investigate the following matters-
(a)The matter of complaint has been the matter investigated by the commission.
(b) Lack of imperative evidences in the complaint
(c) Lack of new important evidence in further complaint."
Under section 22 (b), it is necessary to have important evidence is every letter of complaint. It has been enacted that the commission is not to investigate against the letter of complaint lacking any evidence and reference.
Under the section 21, section 16(o) and Section 22, in the event that the commission investigate whether or not to be consistent with this section upon the letter of complaint, the contents of letter of complaint has to be studied and screened in details. Subsequent to discussion review, decision has been given whether or not to consecutively investigate.
In respect of corruption, the complaint, in the event that, report easily against the letter of complaint without thoroughness and certainty, under section 46, shall be awarded for being able to face the suit again. In the section 46, and under section 44, in the event of willful complaint or report with the aim of losing dignity or grievance to anyone else unreasonably from the complaint or informer, they will be taken action under the law, it has been enacted. It is not a threat to the complaint not to done complain from section 46 and if has been enacted to be mutually fair under the nature of the law. In the long-exercising Penal Code for many years currently, also in the event of false information and complaint, it has been enacted that action may be taken.
Screening the letters of complaint sent to the commission, it has been found that majority of the letter of complaint has been reported the following matters.
- Complaint on the matter not concerned with corruption,
- Matter to be talked on the institution of suit in the court under the law;
- Frequent complaints under personal hatred,
- Matter of being performed firm the relevant Ministry and Region, State Governments;
- Despite naming corruption, lack of particulars referring to corruption in the contents of the letter of complaint;
- Overall written complaint without any evidentiary proof by writing and stating only on a sheet for corruption.
- Complain to the commission implying and uniting to claim for encumbrance instead of tackling financial scandals each other on the institution of suit in the Court;
- Subsequent to complaint, revocation of letter by the complainant himself on compounding and re-adjusting each other;
- By writing and twisting to be petitioned and with laden agenda of own fault;
- Anonyms letter of complaint without stating signature or name of complaint;
To be able to take effective action from the commission against corruption under the law, it is necessary to complain the matter reasonably referring to corruption from the public in time of complaining.
Also, some people have written letter of complaint by acquiring charge as broker and it is known on the study that they have cheated the un-acknowledgeable public who are aggrieved and it is necessary to have full awareness and avoid from the same sort of persons.
The case of some complain letters has been in the process of trial and appeal in the court and letter of complaint has been sent to the commission in advance prior to the proclamation of order from the court as prior prevention therefrom. Out of the foregoing letters of complaint, it has been transferred and sent to the Supreme court of the Union to be known such necessary matter in order to have carriage of justice from the superior court prior to miscarriage of justice. However, the commission avoid the interference matter of the judiciary with special are to affect jurisdiction of the relevant judges under the law.
The commission studies carefully the letter of complaint submitted and in the event of absolutely irrelevant letter with the commission and unable to transfer and send the matters to the relevant government ministers, states and regions, it has been filed with attachments. Despite being unrelated the letter of complaint to the corruption and bribery, in the event of sort of matter having to be performed by the relevant executive and department, it has to be transferred and sent to the relevant ministry, region or state to provide assistance is someway on the services with the aim of supporting for the  proper administration system of the government relevant ministry and to be able to tackle amicably on difficulty on grievances experience by the complainant, public. Due to attaching great importance on performance from the relevant ministries and government, it has been studied and found that satisfaction and amicability has been achieved in certain matters.
In the event of letter of complaint consistency with section 21, section 16(o) and of infringement with the provisions of section 22, of the matter actionable and investing story and corruption, decision has to be passed for investigation and it has been  ongoing.
A suit instituted in the court shall be in conformity with the provision of law as well as requirement of reasonableness upon evidences. In addition to hearing and knowledge from outside, through the information from the surrounding, it is unlikely to institute the suit success will be achieved effectively on the suit instituted and sound with evidentiary documents stipulated in the CPU following from the court and evidence Act.



Receiving Complaint letter

Published In: Receiving Complaint Letter Created Date: 2015-06-03 Hits: 226
1.       From the opening of the Commission Office on 10th March 2014 to 30th June 2017, Commission received 3298 complaints addressed and copied to the Commission. The number of complaint by States and Regions are as follows;
No
States and Regions
Number of Complaint
a
Nay Pyi Taw
116
b
Kachin State
39
c
Kayar State
6
d
Kayin State
39
e
Chin State
24
f
Saging Region
353
g
Tanintharyi Region
25
h
Bago Region
373
i
Magway Region
119
j
Mandalay Region
614
k
Mon State
175
l
Yangon Region
907
m
Rakhine State
51
n
Shan State
226
o
Ayeyarwaddy Region
371

Total
3438
                                                                                                                      
2.       The classification of the above complaints the Commission received are as follows;
No
Subject of the Complaint
Number of the Complaint
a
Complaint of Corruption (including the assignment of duty)
75
b
Misconduct
701
c
Farmland (Management of Farmland)
503
d
Land Requisition
130
e
Civil Case
112
f
Criminal Case
70
g
Judicial Affairs
507
h
Departmental Case
1003
i
Misappropriation
54
j
Personal Case
269
k
Withdrawal of Complaints
14

Total
3438
                                               

- Acting condition of complaint letter

Published In: Acting Condition of Complaint Letter Created Date: 2015-08-27 Hits: 237
The condition of taking action the complaints
3438 complaints that are from 10-3-2014 to 30-6-2017
No
Complaint
Number
Total
Remark
(a)

Investigation

46


1
Complaints that are taken action
31



2
Complaints that have no evidence of illegal
4



3
Still investigated
11


(b)

Transferring to relevant States and Regional Government

806


1
Complaints that request to reply
196



2
Complaints that not request to reply
610


(c)

Filing

2854


1
Addressing to President, Vice President and Speakers of the Parliaments
487



2
Addressing to related Ministry and State and Regional Government and does not related to the Law
502



3
Complaint on the case which are still on trial
208



4
No important evidence in the complaint
243



5
No new important evidence in the subsequent complaint
345



6
Anonymous letter bearing the complaint
122



7
Copy
581



8
Having received the response
24



9
Happening before the enactment of the Law
72


(d)

Under Scrutiny

2



Total

3438


Taking action on the (31) complaints that are investigated
Prosecution                                                                                                                                                                 (21) Cases
No.
Section
Accused Person
Remark
1.
ACL 55
-

2.
ACL 56
16 persons
One person was punished with imprisonment for 10 years and fined 50000 kyats.
One person was punished with imprisonment for 21 years.
One person was punished with imprisonment for 10 years.
One person was punished with imprisonment for 3 years.
Six persons are being prosecuted.
Six persons were charged with Cr P C 87/Cr P C 88.
3.
ACL 56/63
2 persons
One person was punished with imprisonment for 2 years.
One person is being prosecuted.
4.
ACL 57
9 persons
Two persons were punished with imprisonment for 7 years.
Three persons were punished with imprisonment for 2 years.
Four persons are being prosecuted.
5.
ACL 57/63
1 person
One person was punished with imprisonment for 2 years.
          
Taking action by the relevant departments in line with the section 30(b) of Anti-Corruption Law                               67 persons        
No.
Penalty
Number
Remark
1.
Caution by letter
15 persons

2.
Withholding of Increment
-

3.
Withholding of Promotion
13 persons
three persons are (3) years, five are (2) years and five are one each.
4.
Reduction of Pay in a Time-scale
-

5.
Reduction to a lower post
-

6.
Recovery of loss
-

7.
Suspension
1 person

8.
Removal
1 person

9.
Dismissal
5 persons

10.
Transfer
1 person

11.
Inform the relevant department to take action
31 persons


Recovery from Pay
No.
Penalty
Number
Remark
1.
Recovery a business man the money
1 person
(5,760,000 kyats)

Complaints that are transferred to the relevant States and Regional     (806)
(a)     Complaints that request to reply                                    196 complaints
(b)     Complaints that not request to reply                               610 complaints
Taking action of relevant department on the complaints that are transferred to
No.
Taking Action
Transferred
complaint that
request to reply
Transferred
complaint that
not request to reply
Remark
1.
Caution
20
9
29 complaints
2.
Taking Action by the Civil Service regulation
30
34
64 complaints
3.
Questioning the persons who are concerned with the case
28
21

4.
No taken action as it has been taken action in line with the Law
31
35

5.
Making contest in Court
11
6

6.
No taken action as false information
45
31

7.
Still investigated
1
-


Total
166
136


Those who have been in caution and taken action by civil service regulation
No.
Penalty
Number
Remark
1.
Caution by oral by Head of Department
4

2.
Caution by record
58

3.
Confession
10

4.
Removal/Suspension
17

5.
Withholding of Promotion
3

6.
Retirement
1

7.
Taking action by Police Disciplinary Law
36

8.
Withholding of Increment
2

9.
Transferring
7

10.
Recovery from Pay
9
28,663,000 Kyats
11.
Carrying out to be able to take action in line with Law
22


Total
169



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