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http://www.botanical-online.com/alcaloidesdiefenbaquiaangles.htm
KILLER HOUSE PLANT!
Please read below. The message is true. I almost lost my daughter who put a piece of the leaf of this plant in her mouth and her tongue swelled to the point of suffocation. This is one plant but there are others with the same characteristics of coloring. Those are also poisonous and we should get rid of them. Please watch out for our children. As we all leave our children home in the hands of the helpers, we should give them a safe environment where they can play.
"This plant that we have in our homes and offices is extremely dangerous!
This plant is common in Kenya , Rwanda, Uganda in plant nurseries, many offices and homes. It is a deadly poison, mainly for the children. It can kill a kid in less than a minute and an adult in 15 minutes. It should be uprooted from gardens and taken out of offices. If touched, one should never touch ones eyes; it can cause partial or permanent blindness. Please alert your buddies.
Detailed Analysis
©iStockphoto.com/Svetlana Tikhonova
Dieffenbachia is indeed poisonous if ingested, but this warning email is exaggerated and inaccurate
This emailed warning, which contains a photograph of a potted house plant, claims that the plant is so poisonous that death can occur very rapidly - in less than a minute for children and in 15 minutes for adults. And, according to the message, simply touching the plant and then rubbing your eyes can cause partial or permanent blindness. The plant species shown in the photograph is not identified in the warning message.
The plant depicted in the photograph is in fact a dieffenbachia, a species commonly used as a potted house plant because of its attractive appearance and its suitability for indoor, low light intensity growing environments. Dieffenbachia is indeed poisonous to humans and animals if parts of the plant are ingested. Dieffenbachia is also known as "Dumb Cane" because of the toxic effect it can have on the mouth and tongue if chewed.
However, this warning quite significantly exaggerates the risk of death associated with dieffenbachia poisoning. The results of dieffenbachia poisoning are normally not life threatening and victims usually make a full recovery. Given that eating the plant may potentially cause swelling severe enough to block the victim's airways, death is a possible result. However, research indicates that actual fatalities in humans are extremely rare. Certainly, there are no credible medical reports that back up the suggestion in the warning message that death is a common and very rapid result of dieffenbachia poisoning. An article discussing caladium, dieffenbachia, and philodendron plant poisoning published on the Emedicine website notes:
Patients with history of oral exposure (chewing and/or swallowing) have been reported to have severe swelling, drooling, dysphagia, and respiratory compromise, but this is not common. In a large retrospective study of 188 patients with plant oxalate exposure, all cases were determined to be minor and all resolved with minor or no treatment. Patients can also experience dermal and ocular exposure, resulting in contact dermatitis or keratoconjunctivitis. Symptoms that result from these routes of exposure also appear to resolve with supportive care. The serious complication of aortoesophageal fistula following ingestion of a dieffenbachia leaf in a girl aged 12.5 years has been described in a single 2005 case report. The girl recovered following surgical intervention.
And, the claim that rubbing your eyes after touching the plant can cause permanent blindness also seems to be an exaggeration. The Emedicine article notes that "Ocular exposure may result in eye pain, redness, and lid swelling", but makes no mention of permanent blindness. Other medical articles describe dieffenbachia induced corneal injury but again make no mention of permanent blindness.
While the warning message is overblown and inaccurate, it should be stressed that ingesting dieffenbachia can certainly cause a number of distressing and painful symptoms. Information about dieffenbachia poisoning published on the Medline Plus website records the following poisoning symptoms:
Burning in mouth or throat
Damage to cornea of the eye
Diarrhea
Eye pain
Hoarse voice
Nausea or vomiting
Swelling in mouth or tongue
It should also be noted that dieffenbachia related poisoning among household pets does regularly occur and in some cases has resulted in the death of the animal.
Given that it is actually quite important that householders are aware that their dieffenbachia plants are potentially poisonous, especially if they are parents or guardians of younger children or have pets, the email does have some merit as a warning. Unfortunately, the email significantly erodes its potential usefulness as a cautionary tale by so blatantly misrepresenting the potential danger of the plant. Another quite serious flaw in the warning message is that it does not actually include the name of the plant under discussion. Some versions do not even include the image of the plant - which incidentally was apparently "borrowed" from the Lahore Nursery website for use in the message - thus rendering the warning virtually useless.
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/poisonous.htm
Other Poisonous House Plants !
House plants can be very beneficial in our homes and lives. House plants can not only purify and renew our stale indoor air, by exchanging the carbon dioxide we exhale with life sustaining oxygen, but they can also trap many of the pollutants present in our homes and offices.
Many of our most popular house plants come from tropical climates where they have adapted to low light levels, making them suitable for the lighting conditions typical in the average home. However many tropical plants also contain compounds that can have adverse reactions in people, pets and livestock. If you have any of the house plants listed below you should find out how dangerous they are, and if the risk they pose to your children or pets is worth keeping them.
Aloe barbadensis Aloe Vera, Burn plant
Poisonous parts-Latex
Poisonous component-Aloe-emodin
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/aloe_b.htm
Amaryllis sp. Amaryllis
Common names-Amaryllis, Jersey Lily, Lily Langtry
Poisonous parts-Bulb
Poisonous component-Lycorine
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/amaryl_b.htm
Anthurium andraeanum Flamingo lily
Common names-Flamingo lily, Painter's Palette, Oil cloth flower.
Poisonous parts-All parts
Poisonous component-Calcium oxalate
Notes-Ingestion usually does not occur because chewing quickly causes painful irritation of the mouth and throat. General symptoms of poisoning are blistering, dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing), hoarseness
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/flamingo.htm
Caladium hortulanum Angels' wings
Poisonous parts-All parts
Poisonous component-Calcium oxalate
Notes-Ingestion can cause severe irritation to the mouth and throat and may also be an irritant to the G.I. tract. Children as well as cats, dogs and other family pets that may nibble on the foliage are all at risk.
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/caladium.htm
Chrysanthemum indicum Chrysanthemums, Mums
Common names-Mums
Poisonous parts-Leaves, stalks
Poisonous component-Arteglasin A
Clivia miniata Kaffir Lily
Common names-Kaffir Lily
Poisonous parts-Roots
Poisonous component-Lycorine
Notes-Kaffir lily contains small amounts of the alkaloid lycorine. Large quantities must be ingested to cause symptoms of toxicity. General symptoms of poisoning are collapse, diarrhea, paralysis, salivation, vomitinghttp://www.blankees.com/house/plants/k_lily.htm
Codiaeum variegatum Croton
Poisonous parts-Bark, roots, latex, leaves
Poisonous component-5-deoxyingenol.
Notes-Chewing the bark and roots is said to cause burning of the mouth. The latex has caused eczema in some gardeners after repeated exposure to the latex (plant juices).
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/croton.htm
Cyclamen persicum Cyclamen
Poisonous parts-Bulb, Rhizomes
Poisonous component-Cyclamin A
Notes-so children or family pets are unlikely to be exposed to the toxins. If ingested a strong purgative reaction results.
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/cyclamen.htm
Datura innoxia Angel's Trumpet
Poisonous parts-all parts
Poisonous component-Atropine, hyoscine, and hyoscyamine.
Notes-Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) is mentioned most often and is also known as 'loco weed' because of it's effect on cattle. General symptoms are agitation, choreiform (spasmodic) movement, coma, drowsiness, hallucination, elevated temperature.
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/datura.htm
Dieffenbachia sp. Dumb cane
Poisonous parts-All parts
Poisonous component-Calcium oxalate
Notes-Painful and immediate swelling of the mouth and throat occurs after chewing on dumbcane. Speech impediment can occur, sometimes lasting for several days. Avoid eye contact with the juices which can result in intense pain and swelling
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/dumbcane.htm
Euphorbia milii Crown-of-thorns
Poisonous parts-Sap
Poisonous component-5-deoxyingenol
Notes-This plant contains caustic and irritant chemicals in the latex. Avoid contact to the skin and eyes. General symptoms of ingestion are: abdominal pains, blistering/irritation of the mouth/throat and vomiting.
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/crown.htm
Euphorbia pulcherrima Poinsettia (yes, it belongs here)
Poisonous parts-Latex, leaves, stems
Poisonous component-unknown
Notes-No longer classified as extremely toxic.
It's reputation as a poisonous plant came from the case of a child in Hawaii who ingested a single leaf. This report was based on hearsay and subsequent studies have not shown the plant to be severely poisonous. Reactions for humans range from dermatitis from contact with the milky sap to nausea and vomiting if ingested. Avoid contact with the eyes.
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/poinseta.htm
Hedera helix English Ivy
Poisonous parts-Leaves
Poisonous component-didehydrofalcarinol, falcarinol, hederasaponinsNotes
Notes-This vine is grown both as an indoor and outdoor ornamental and it has caused poisoning in cattle, dogs, sheep, and humans. Symptoms of ingestion are difficulty in breathing, convulsions, vomiting, paralysis and coma. Dermatitis is rare but can be severe with weeping blisters which respond slowly to treatment. The berries are bitter so it's unlikely children will consume them in large quantities.
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/e_ivy.htm
Hydrangea macrophylla Hydrangea
Common names-Hydrangea
Poisonous parts-Leaves and buds
Poisonous component-Hydragin
Notes-Poisoning from eating the flower buds has occurred. Symptoms include vomiting, abdominal pains, diarrhea, labored breathing, lethargy and coma. Sensitive individuals may develop contact dermatitis from handling the plants
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/hydrangea.htm
Kalanchoe daigremontiana Devil's Backbone
Poisonous parts-Leaves, stems
Poisonous component-Daigremontianin
Notes-Devil's-backbone contains a cardiac glycoside that has caused experimental toxicity and death in chicks and mice
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/backbone.htm
Monstera deliciosa Ceriman, Swiss-cheese plant
Poisonous component-Calcium oxalate
Notes-The leaves can cause problems if chewed by humans or family pets. Experimental rats and mice died after they were fed plant extracts. General symptoms of poisoning are immediate and painful with aphonia (loss of voice), blistering, hoarseness, irritation of the mouth.
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/monstera.htm
Philodendron sp. Heart leaf philodendron, Philodendron
#
Common names-P. cordatum - Heart leaf philodendron (pictured),P. scandens - Heart leaf philodendron (Very similar in appearance to P. cordatum.),P. selloum - Lace tree philodendron (pictured below).#Poisonous parts-Leaves, juices
#Poisonous component-Calcium oxalate
Heart Leaf Philodendron (P. cordatum)
Notes-Philodendrons are an popular container plant that can cause poisoning in humans and pets because of the oxalates they contain. General symptoms of contact dermatitis with the plant juices are erythema (reddening and inflammation of the skin), itchiness. Ingestion will quickly cause painful burning and swelling of lips, mouth, tongue, and throat. Lace Tree Philodendron (P. selloum)
http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/heart.htm
Rhododendron sp. Azalea
Solanum pseudocapsicum Jerusalem Cherry
These plants are wonderful specimens to have in the house and are very popular for good reason. If their toxic aspect is not a problem many of these plants are very beneficial to have in your home. These beautiful house plants provide everything from expansive foliage that can be enjoyed year round, to beautiful sprays of flowers, to cleaning the air we breathe. Thanks to research by NASA we have a list of common house plants that are very efficient at purfiying air. See our section on Air Purification for more information.
AAPCC-American Association of Poison Control Centers
CAPCC-Canadian Association of Poison Control Centres
Our thanks to the Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System
by Derek B. Munro
Biological Resources Program,Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre,Research Branch Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada ,Ottawa, Ontario,K1A 0C6
At this database you can can also search for common garden and outdoor plants that are not only a threat to people but to pets and livestock as well.
Ko Nge
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